For merchandise and fashion there are mainly 3 particular methods of screen printing employed. The method most commonly used and best suited for a large variety of graphics is called ‘Spot Colour’ printing. Spot color printing is used for those graphics that do not have photographic properties.

A graphic designer usually chooses the ink colours used to reproduce the graphic images, and they are all Pantone specified. In order to isolate the hues of the ink in the image, Pantone coated or noncoated references are selected. The Pantone matching system is an international colour reference used in publishing, printing and design whereby each colour is identified by a unique pantone name and number.

Spot colour printing is well suited to printing branded promotional garments or items in which colour identity and uniformity needs to stay the same throughout a varying range of items.

Another method of t-shirt screen printing used is called ’4 Colour Process’. This printing process is utilised primarily with photographic designs and sketches comprised of a broad variety of hues, shades and gradations. The images found in many books and magazines and printed by the 4 colour process.

The inks, though they are translucent, will merge together on the white background, which will reproduce the tones and hues of the original. This is certainly a much harder procedure to do on material than it is to do on paper. But the method used is about the same. This particular sort of t-shirt printing will, obviously, only be effective on white cloth. It won’t work on coloured garments. The print set up costs are higher than that of simple spot colour designs and as such only suitable for larger print runs of 100+

When garment screen printers reproduce such full colour images onto coloured fabrics a method called ‘Simulated Process’ is used. Using method similar to spot colour printing to achieve the overall look and feel of the original image the artwork is separated into various colours and shades

Most t-shirt printers use this method, and it is especially popular when used to copy fantasy and heavy metal album artwork onto shirts to be sold by the band. Colour separations and the number of colors necessary make this the most expensive printing option, and the higher set-up costs mean it is usually reserved for larger runs.

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